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Reading Notes: Ancient Egypt (Part A)

Ancient Egypt by Donald Mackenzie

Creation:
Ra: God of Suns and Kings

Tefnut: head of a lioness and called "the spitter" because she sent the rain

The world was under water, a wasteland. Ra made the Earth rise out of the water. (somewhat biblical) Nut raised herself up over the Earth in an arch from her toes to her finger tips. The night stars sparkled upon her body.

Ra created all the living creatures. He was ruler of all gods and became the first king of Earth. To him centuries were as years.

The Secret Name of Ra:
Isis: enchantress, very intelligent
Ra the sun god

Ra had many names not known to gods or men. There was one name that gave him divine power.
A woman name Isis grew weary of her role as a woman in the world so she attempted to find her way to the gods. Isis was an enchantress and she wanted power like Ra had. Because of this she searched for Ra's name, which held much power.

Ra grew very old and Isis followed him. She found his saliva as it dripped from his old mouth and used it against him, forming it into a spear, which became a serpent (like the bible the serpent is evil). The serpent was invisible to gods and men. One day as he walked along the path the serpent sunk its fangs into him. Ra cried out form the overwhelming agony ,so loud he was heard from the heavens.

Ra calmed his pain and fear.  He gathered those who followed him and told them he was in great pain and not by his own hand. Weaker than ever before, he tells his followers he hid his name so no one could do him harm. The bite burned his nerves yet left him cold.

Isis, came to help him. Ra told her what pained him. She then says she need his divine name to save him. Ra then speaks his greatness and his secret name unknown to anyone. " i am khepera at down, Ra at high noon, and Tum at Eventide"

Even witnessing his pain, Isis did not feel sorrow. She waits until she feels the power of Ra flow through her and Isis then takes away the venom from Ra.

Ra and Hathor:
Ra saw mankind had become rebellious. They spoke poorly of him and some even wanted him dead. Ra, not sure what to do, called upon his friends. They agreed to get rid of mankind.

Ra took form as Hathor who wiped out many. Ra's anger soon left him and he wanted to save the remainder of man. Messengers brought seven thousand jars worth of beer. Ra filled the land with it. Hathor drank and became drunk. Ra made it tradition that beer would become an offering to Hathor each year.

Ra was very tired in his old age and had Shu and Nut give help to Ra. Nut took the form of a celestial cow and Shy helped Ra by carrying him on her back.

The Sun's Journey:
Ra grows weary of Earth and decides to live among the stars. He calls on Seb "earth god" to have all mankind thwart snakes. He calls on Thoth to live in the Underworld (Duat) and catalog the sins of man. Bind the men there.

Messengers of Thoth: the Ibis, crane dog , ape.

When the land is black on Earth, day come to the Underworld. Light struck the river Urnes. The deeper Ra enters into the Underworld the more chaotic it gets. Sokar "underworld god" has 3 heads, a snake body and hawks wings. Sokar's hole is guarded by sphynx's. A pool of genii in torture, heads forever aflame.

In the seventh hour (of light) Osiris, "judge of the dead". Serpents with limbs guard him.
The eight hour fire spitting snakes to illuminate the dark.
10th water reptiles, ravenous fish
11th Horus burns Ra's enemies
12th Sun god is born (daylight) enters through serpents tail and out its mouth to form Khepera, the beetle.
The final door is guarded by Isis, wife of Osiris.

Osiris:
Osiris was wise and kind. He took Ra's place when he ascended to the heavens. At first men were savages but Osiris helped them by making laws and giving wisdom to his people (in Egypt). He found that he made them much better people and wanted to extend his wisdom all over the world.
He taught men many things.

Osiris then traveled the world. Isis watched over Egypt while he was away.

The death of Osiris:
There was a party to celebrate Osiris when he returned from his travels. As one of his gifts, he was given a chest of an exact fit of himself. (a little suspicious)
The people played a game of who could fit in the chest, which Set, a man who wished for Osiris' throne, had desired.

No one could fit into the chest just right. Finally, Osiris gave the chest a try. As soon as he sunk into the chest Set slammed the lid shut and sealed it. The party turned to chaos quickly. Set's men took him and threw him into the Nile to die.

Isis was distraught and searched all over for Osiris' body. Meanwhile, Set ascended the throne and made things much worse. Isis found 7 scorpions to guard her. Ra also sent her Anubis, "opener of the ways" who was Osiris' son.

Isis sought shelter at a poor woman's house. The woman, seeing the large scorpions denied. One of the scorpians then forced their way in and killed her son. The woman was very sad. Isis revived the child and made shelter in the woman's home anyways.


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